Extreme temperatures around the world
EXTREME TEMPERATURES AROUND THE WORLD RELATED LINKS
National and Continental Extreme Temperatures
Monthly Temperatures Records
Countries without frost
Snowfalls by country
Glaciers by country
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LIST OF TEMPERATURE RECORDS BETWEEN 2002 AND 2010 -CLICK HERE
LIST OF TEMPERATURE RECORDS BETWEEN 2011 AND 2020 -CLICK HERE
LIST OF TEMPERATURE RECORDS BETWEEN 2021 AND 2023 -CLICK HERE
Temperature Records during 2024:
Note: Celsius degrees are used. Click here to open the
Celsius-Fahrenheit degrees Converter
MIN MAX
AFGHANISTAN
Kabul -25.5 40.5
Kandahar -12.1 46.5
Jalalabad -7.8 48.8* * dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments
Mazar al Sharif -24 48.1
Ghazni -33.5 37
Zaranj -13.2 49.6* * a dubious 51.0C was likely taken with not proper instruments
Farah -11.9 49.8
Shahrak -52.2
ALBANIA
Tirana -10.4 43
Durres -9 41.8
Shkoder -13 42.8
Cerrik -9.4 43.2
Kucova 44
Kallmet 45.3* * unofficial, questioned
Kukes -21 42.5
Shtylle -29
Bize -34.7* * unofficial, dubious
ALGERIA
Algiers Airport -4 48.7
Oran -3* 45.8 * -4.2C was also recorded in the Tafaraoui Airport
In Salah -3.3 50.6
Ouargla -6.7 51.3
Batna -20 45.1
Constantine -10 45.5
Tamanrasset -7 41.6
ANDORRA
Andorra La Vella -16 37.9
Hidroelectrica -16 36
Engolaster Lake -21 33
Borda Vidal 39.4
Grau Roig -27.3
Port d'Envalira -34* * unofficial, dubious
ANGOLA
Luanda 12 36.9
Bie (Silva Porto) -5* 32 * suspicious, likely taken under not proper conditions
Mavinga -3.9
Bicuari Nat.Park -4.1
Namibe 3 40.3
Espinheira 41.6
Cabinda 12 35.4
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
Saint John's 15.6 33.8
Bird Airport 16.1 34.9
Codrington (Barbuda)17.2 35* * suspicious
ARGENTINA
Buenos Aires Obser.-5.4* 43.3 * -6.4C was also recorded in June 1830
Ezeiza Airport -7.8 44.3
Cordoba -10.3 45* * a 45.6C in 1917 was likely taken with not proper instruments
Bahia Blanca -11.8 43.8
Mar del Plata -9.3 42.4
Mendoza -9.2 44.9
Rosario -11.1 42.4* * an old record of 43.9C was likely taken with not proper instruments
Santiago del Estero -10 46.5* * a temperature of 47.0C was also recorded in the observatory
Catamarca -9 47* * a temperature of 47.1C was also recorded in the observatory
Tucuman -7.2 45
Salta -9.9 39.9
Campo Gallo -8.1 47.3
Morillo 48.5* * dubious
Ingeniero Juarez 47.8* * dubious
Rivadavia -7.2 47* * a very dubious 48.9C was likely taken with not proper instruments
Villa de Maria -10.5 44.6* * a very dubious 49.1C was likely taken with not proper instruments
Neuquen -12.8 42.3
Comodoro Rivadavia -8.5 40.2
Bariloche -21.1 36.4
Ushuaia -21.1 29.5
Perito Moreno -25.7 38.2
Sarmiento -33* 38.3 * very dubious, likely taken recorded under not proper conditions
Buen Pasto -34* * dubious
Maquinchao -25.6* 39 * an unreliable -35.3C was reported in July 1991
Pato Superior Valley-39 27
Veladero -44* * unofficial
Cona Niyeu -36.2* * questioned
Alto Rio Senguer -30
Las Bayas -30 38
ARMENIA
Yerevan -31 42.4
Gyumri -35 37.5
Vanadzor -30 36.1
Sisian -34 36.2
Megri -22 43.7
Shurabad (Paghakn)-46.7 31
AUSTRALIA
Canberra -10 44
Sydney Airport -0.1 46.4
Sydney Observatory 2.1 45.8
Brisbane Airport -0.1 40.2
Brisbane City 2.3 43.2
Melbourne City -2.8 46.4* * 46.8C also recorded in the Airport Station
Hobart City -2.8* 41.8 * -3.9C also recorded in the Airport Station
Adelaide City -0.4 47.7
Adelaide Airport -2.6 45.8
Perth Airport -1.3 46.7
Perth City -0.7 46.2
Darwin Airport 10.8 38.9
Albany City 0.1 44.8
Esperance City -0.6 46.9
Carnarvon 2.4 49.9
Broome 3.3 44.8
Alice Springs -7.5 45.7
Cairns 6.2 43.6
Birdsville -1.7 49.5
Onslow 3.1 50.7
Oodnadatta -2.6 50.7
Charlotte Pass -23 29.7
Lord Howe Island 5.9 31.3
Norfolk Island AP 6.2 28.4
Kingston (Norfolk) 4.4* 32.2* * unofficial,unreliable, taken with not proper instruments
Willis Island 16.4 35.2
Cocos Islands AP 18.3 33.2
Christmas Isl. AP 16.2 31.6* * 31.8C recorded in November 1981 is unreliable
Rocky Point (Christmas Isl.) 33.2* * dubious
Flying Fish Cove (Christmas I.)35* * unofficial,dubious
Heard Island -11.5 26.1
Macquarie Island -9.4 17.1
AUSTRIA
Vienna -26.3* 39.5 * unofficial -27C also recorded
Klagenfurt -27.8 38.1
Linz -29.1 38
Salzburg -31.1 38.6
Graz -28.8 38.8
Innsbruck -30.6* 38.5 * -31.3C was also recorded in December 1788
Dellach im Drautal-24.8 39.9
Bad Deutsch-Altenburg 40.5
Zwettl -36.6 36.3
Halltal -40* * unofficial, questioned
Sonnblick -37.4 15.7
Grunloch -52.6* * unofficial, recorded in February 1932 in a frost hollow
AZERBAIJAN
Baku -14.7 42.7
Ganja -17.8* 42* * extremes of -18.8C and 43.3C were recorded in another station
Zakataly -22.8 41.2
Goytapa 47.4
Great Caucasus Stat.-45* * unofficial
Ordubad (Nakhichivan)-33 46
Julfa (Nakhichivan) -33 46
Xankhandi (Artsakh) -19 40
BAHAMAS
Nassau 5.2* 36.5 * a dubious 5.0C was also recorded in January 1945
Freeport Airport 3 36
West End 1.7* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
Marsh Harbour 8.9 35
BAHRAIN
Manama Intl Air. 2.8 47.5
Awali -5* * very dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments
International Circuit 48.7
BANGLADESH
Dhaka 5.6 42.2
Chittagong 6.3 40.6
Rajshahi 3.4 45.1
Dinajpur 1.1 43.6
Sylhet 3.4 40.5
Teknaf 9.5 38.6
BARBADOS
Bridgetown 15.5 35.5* * 36.2C in 2007 is probably unreliable
Grantley Adams AP 15.6 34
St. James 35.6
Gibbons Boggs 15
Waterford 15
BELARUS
Minsk -39.1 35.8
Gomel -35.1 38.9
Vasilevichi -35.7 38
Slavnoye -42.2
Hanusowszczyzna -43* * unofficial, dubious
BELGIUM
Brussels -21.1 40.2
Uccle -18.7 39.7
Ostend -19 39.3
Antwerp -18.5 40.4
Gent -20.6 40.1
Liege -21* 41 * -24.4C also recorded in December 1783
Begijnendijk 41.8
Rochefort -30.1
BELIZE
Belmopan 6.1 41
Belize City 7.8 37.7
Barton Creek 42.3
Chaa Creek 42.3
Punta Gorda 10.6 38.4
Augustine 5.6 39
Sibun Hill 4
BENIN
Porto Novo 16 37.5
Cotonou 17 37.5
Kandi 8.5 44.5* * dubious
BHUTAN
Thimphu -10 33.5
Punakha -4 38.5
Phuentsholing 4.5 40
Tangmachu 40
Paro Int.Airport -12.9 33
Chamkhar -14.5 28
Namjeyling -14.5
BOLIVIA
Sucre -6 32* * a dubious 34.7C was also recorded in the Observatory
La Paz Downtown -6 28.9
La Paz El Alto -15.2 23
Charana -23.8 26.4
Oruro -22.4 27.6
Cochabamba -7 36.2* * 39C was also recorded at the Sarco station
Tarija -10 39.7
Camiri -5.2 44
Cobija 7 40.7
Santa Cruz 1.8 41.6
Uyuni -25.7 31.5
Villamontes -7 47* * unofficial temperature of 47.2C also recorded in January 1953
Aguaraycito 47
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Sarajevo -26.4 40
Sarajevo Airport -30.2 39.9
Mostar -16.4 43.1
Bihac -29.2 42
Livno -29.6 38.2
Brcko -25 42
Bjelasnica -33.6 25.3
Veliko Polje -43.5
Banja Luka (Sprska R.) -28.4 41.8
Bijeljina (Sprska R.) -28.6 43
Sokolac (Sprska R.) -34.6 36
BOTSWANA
Gabarone -6.5 42.7
Francistown -6.5 42.1
Ghanzi -8.5 42.2
Tsabong -10.6 43.5* * an unofficial reading of 44.1C was recorded in October 2016
Maun -6.4 43.8
Ramotswa 44.3* * unofficial
BRAZIL
Brasilia 1.6* 36.5* * extreme temperatures of 1.3C and 36.6C were recorded at the Airport station
Sao Paulo -2.1* 37.8* * unofficial temperatures of -4C and 39.3C were recorded in other parts of the city
Rio de Janeiro Center10.2* 39.1* * extreme temperatures of 4.8C and 43.2C were recorded in other parts of the city
Salvador de Bahia 16.8* 37.1 * a lowest temperature of 14.6C was recorded in the Airport
Recife 16.8 36
Fortaleza 17.6* 36 * 16.8C was also recorded in the Porangaba Station
Belem 18.4 38.5
F.de Noronha Island18.9 33
Teresina 13.8* 42.4 * a record of 11.6C in 1922 is likely incorrect
Manaus 17.2 39.7
Boa Vista 18.2 40
Belo Horizonte 2.2 37.1* * 38.6C was also recorded in the Airport station
Porto Alegre -4 40.7* * unofficial 41.3C was recorded in February 2010
Curitiba -6.3* 35.5* * unofficial temperatures of -8.9C and 37.4C were recorded in the old Observatory
Foz do Iguacu -4.2 40.4
Florianopolis 1.3* 40 * a lowest of -1.0C was also recorded at the Airport station
Campo Grande -3.4 41
Orleans -5.8 44.6
Bom Jesus do Piaui 11.9 44.8* * very questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments
Sao Joaquim -10 31.4
Xanxere -11.6 36.6
Cacador -14* 38 * unofficial
Morro da Igreja -17.8* * very dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
BRUNEI
Bandar Seri Begawan 18.4 38.3
BULGARIA
Sofia -31.2 39.8* * 41.4C was also recorded at the Airport Station
Plovdiv -31.5 45
Varna -24.3 41.4
Burgas -21.6 42.8
Sadovo -30.7 45.2* * questioned
Montana 45.9* * unofficial,dubious
Mussala Peak -31.6 20
Trun -38.3 37.3
BURKINA FASO
Ouagadougou 8.5 44.5
Dori 5.7 47.5
Markoye 5 46
Banankaledaga 2.9* 41.9 * very dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
BURUNDI
Bujumbura 10.1 35.5* * 37C recorded in the old station is possibly unreliable
Mparambo 7.5 37.5
Gisozi -0.9* 28.9 * recorded in the in the Marais station
CAMBODIA
Phnom Penh 12.8 41
Siam Reap 9.5 41.2
Battabang 10.4 41
Kampot 14.7 37.2
Stoeng Treng 9 41.4
Preah Vihear 42.8
Svay Leu 42.8
Popok Vil 7.1
Sen Monorom 5.7* 40.2* * unofficial, dubious
CAMEROON
Yaounde 11 35.7
Douala 18 37.7
Garoua 8.3 45.5
Maroua 6 45.9
Kousseri 9.7 47.7* * dubious
Ngaoundere 3.2 39.5
Benoue River -0.7
Fako Peak -2.7* * unofficial
CANADA
Ottawa -38.9 37.8* * 38.9C was also recorded in the old Observatory
Toronto City -32.8 40.6
Montreal -37.8* 36.6 * -42C was also recorded in 1859
Quebec City -36.7 36.1
Halifax -29.4 37.2
Saint John's -25* 31.5* * dubious extremes of -29.4C and 33.9C were recorded in the old Observatory
Calgary -45 36.5
Edmonton -49.4 37.2* *37.4C was also recorded in the South Campus Station in 2021
Vancouver -18.3 34.4* * 40.6C also recorded in the West Vancouver station
Victoria -15.6 39.8
Regina -50 43.9
Winnipeg -47.8 42.2
Churchill -49.4 36.9
Dawson -58.3 35
Yelloknwife -53.9 32.7
Sachs Harbour -52.2 24.8
Eureka -55.3 21.9
Alert -50 21
Cape Dorset -42.8 25
Lytton -31.7 49.6
Snag -62.8
Fort Nelson -71* * unofficial,dubious
CAPE VERDE
Praia 13.3 37.3
Sal 10 36
Mindelo 10 36.2
Monte Velha 5
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Bangui 9.8 40.4
Bouar 10 40
Berberati 9.8 39.6
Birao 3.1 45
CHAD
N'Djamena 6.5 46.6* * 47.0C was recorded in the city station in March 1936
Faya 2.5 48* * 49.7C recorded in 1952 was taken with not proper instruments
Sarh 9.8 45
Bardai -4.5 43
Wour -5
Trou au Natron -6.8 26.8
CHILE
Santiago Observ. -6.8 38.3
Valparaiso -4 37.8
Arica 5.2* 33.6 * a dubious 1.0C was also recorded in another station in 1952
Puerto Montt -8 35.1
Temuco -8.1 41.1* * a dubious 42.0 was also recorded in 1953
Los Angeles -7.9 42.2
Cauquenes 45* * dubious
Punta Arenas -18.7 29.9
Balmaceda -28.3 35.3
Ollague -37
Coyhaique Alto -37
Evangelistas Islands -8 23.2
Robinson Crusoe Isl. 3 28.8
Easter Island 7.2 31* * 32.5C was also recorded at Hanga Roa Port in February 2017
CHINA
Beijing -27.4 42.6* * dubious old temperature of 44.4C was recorded in July 1743
Shanghai -12.1* 40.9 * unofficial -13.3C recorded in January 1893
Fuzhou -1.9 41.9
Guangzhou (Canton) -0.6* 39.1 * unofficial record of -5.0C was set in January 1893
Shenzhen 0.2 38.7
Xiamen 0.1 39.6
Nanning -2.1 40.4
Chongqing -2.5 44
Chengdu -5.9 39.4* * 40.1C was also recorded in the old observatory
Kunming -7.8 32.8
Wuhan -18.1 39.6* * 42.0C was also recorded in another station of the city
Xian -20.6 42.9
Tianjin -22.9 41.5* * 43.3C was also recorded in another station in June 1942
Haikou 2.8 41.3
Shenyang -33.1 39.3
Harbin -41.4 39.2
Urumqi -41.5 42.1* * 44C was also recorded at the Airport Station
Lhasa -16.5* 30.8* * old unofficial extremes of -20C and 31.7C were reported
Xigaze -25.1 29
Turpan -28.9 49
Sanbao 52.2
Mohe -52.3 39.3
Jintao (Amur Town) -53* * semi-official ,recorded in a provincial automatic station
Genhe -58* * unofficial
Woody Island-Xisha (Paracel)15.3 34.9
Hong Kong Observatory 0 36.6
Hong Kong Airport 3 37.7
Wetland Park (H. Kong) 39
Sheng Shui (H. Kong) 39
Tai Mon Shan Peak(H.Kong)-6 29.4
Taipa Obs. (Macau) 38
Fortaleza do Monte (Macau)-1.8 38.9
Areia Preta (Macau) 39
Ka Ho (Macau) 39
COLOMBIA
Bogota -6.4 26.8
Medellin 10 34.4
Cali 13.4 37.4
Barranquilla 18 39.8
Bucaramanga 12.4 34.2
Jerusalen 15 43.4
Leticia 14 39
Berlin -11 20.8
San Andres Island 17 34.8
COMOROS
Moroni Airport 13.9 36.2
Ouani (Anjouan) 13.7 35
CONGO BRAZZAVILLE
Brazzaville 10.3 37.6
Pointe Noire 12.4 34.8
Impfondo 12 39.6
Mpouya 12.5 39.2
Sibiti 8.9 34.8
CONGO KINSHASA
Kinshasa 11.2 37.2
Lubumbashi 0.6 37.2
Kisangani 14.8 38.6
Kananga 13 35.3
Kisanga -2.8 36.6
Kulu 9 40.6
Yahila 41* * dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
COSTA RICA
San Jose City 10.4* 32.6* * more extreme temperatures before 1970 were affected by overexposure
Alajuela 11 35.2
Liberia 11 40.1
Puntarenas 15.4 40
Cerro Huacalito 41.5
Puerto Limon 13.2 34.6
Villa Mills -2 27.5
Irazu Volcano -3.4 23.2
COTE D'IVOIRE
Yamoussoukro 8.2 40.3
Abidjan 14.7 37.3
Odienne 7.8 41.5
Man 6 39.4
CROATIA
Zagreb -22.2* 40.3* * extremes of -30.5C and 40.4C were recorded in other city stations
Dubrovnik -7 39.4
Split -9 42.3
Rijeka -14.6 40
Osijek -27.1 40.6
Ploce 42.8
Varazdin -29 39.4
Palagruza -4.3 35.7
Gracac -34.6
Cakovec -35.5* * questioned,likely taken with not proper instruments
Gospic -33.5* 38.7 * an unofficial and questioned -36C was also recorded in February 1929
CUBA
Havana City 6 38.5
Havana Jose Marti 1.2 38.1
Bainoa 0.6 36.5
Sancti Spiritus 4.8 38.5
Pinar del Rio 5.1 37.8
Camaguey 3 38.2
Santiago 8.3 37.8
Guantanamo 9.9 38.5* * 38.9C was recorded in the US Base in Guantanamo Bay in 2017
Veguitas 7 39.7
CYPRUS
Nicosia -5.6 46.2
Larnaca -3.9 43.9
Akotriri -2.2 40.2
Paphos -3.9 42.5
Prodromos -10.7 38.4
Trikoukkia -12.8
Trodos Mt Station -12.8
Mount Olympus -16
Ercan-Tynvou (N.Cyprus)-4 45
Lefkonico (North Cyprus)-4.5 46.6
Turkeli (North Cyprus) 46.8
Alevkaya (North Cyprus) -5.4
CZECH REPUBLIC
Prague Clementinum-27.6* 37.9 * -29.6C was also recorded in the Kbely district in 1929
Prague Uhrineves -29 40.2
Brno -27.2* 38.5 * -30.9C was also recorded in the Jundrov station in 1929
Ostrava -27.3 38
Milesovca -28.3 36.5
Dobrichovice 40.4
Litvinovice -42.2
DENMARK
Copenhagen -25* 33.8 * -26.3C was also recorded in January 1789
Aalborg -27.2 34.4
Odense -23.1 35.4
Ronne -20.5 32.6
Holstebro 36.4
Horsted/Thy -31.2
Nuuk(Greenland) -32.5 24.9
Upernavik(Greenland)-41 20.5
Kangerlussuaq (Green.)-47.2 25.5
Maniitsoq (Greenland) -25.8 25.9
Tasilaq (Greenland)-30.3 25.3
Nord (Greenland) -51.9 17
Summit (Greenland) -67.2 3.6
Klinck (Greenland) -69.6
Torshavn (Faroe) -13.5 22.5
Vaga Floghavn (Faroe)-12.3 26.3
DJIBOUTI
Djibouti City 15 47.1
Djibouti Serpent 47.3* * a suspicious 49.5C was likely taken under not proper conditions
Tadjourah 49.5* * questioned ,likely taken under not proper conditions
Dikhil 11
DOMINICA
Roseau 15* 35* * dubious,likely recorded under not proper conditions
Melville Airport 15.2 34.3
Canefield Airport 18 36.6
Brantridge 13.9
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Santo Domingo 13* 37.7 * 11.4C was also recorded at the Airport Station
Puerto Plata 9.4 39
Santiago 10.1 37.9
Barahona 15 38.4
Mao 12.2 40.4* * a record of 43.2C was taken with not proper instruments
Jimani 12 40.8
Boca de Mao 41.4
Constanza 0 32.5
Duarte Peak -8* * unofficial
Las Piramides -9* * unofficial
ECUADOR
Quito Observatory 0 29.9
Guayaquil 14 37.2
Cuenca -2.9 29.3
Nuevo Rocafuerte 14 38.5
Putumayo 38.6
Zapotillo 38.6
Izobamba -4.3 24.7
Latacunga -6 28.1
El Refugio Cotopaxi-14.2
San Cristobal (Galapagos)12.7 35
Puerto Ayora (Galapagos) 12 35.3
Bellavista (Galapagos) 10 34.6
EGYPT
Cairo -1.1 48.4
Giza -4 48
Alexandria 2.2 45.1
Kharga -2.1 50.3
Aswan -2.4 50.9* * old town record of 51.0C was recorded under not proper exposure conditions
Luxor -2 50
Port Said 0 45
Sharm El Sheik 5 46
Nekhel -8.8 43.8
Jabal Zubayr -15 40
EL SALVADOR
San Salvador 8.2 38.6
Acajutla 15.1 40.2
La Union 13 42
San Miguel 10 44.8
La Hachadura 45* * suspicious,likely taken under not proper exposure
Los Naranjos -4 32
El Pital Peak -6.1
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
Malabo 16 35.3
Bata 15 35.6
Moka 8
Basile Peak 4* * unofficial
ERITREA
Asmara -4 31.1
Massawa 10 48
ESTONIA
Tallin -34.4 34.3
Tartu -38.6 35.2
Voru -43.4 35.6
Jogeva -43.5 34.6
ESWATINI
Mbabane -6.1 38.3
Manzini 0 42.8
Lavumisa -0.5 47.4
ETHIOPIA
Addis Abeba City -0.5* 32* * extreme temperatures of -3.5C and 34.0C were recorded in other parts of the city
Gondar -2.8 34.1
Debre Birhan -8
Sanetti Plateau -15* 26* * unofficial
Dallol 48.9
Elidar 48
Assaita 49.6* * very dubious
FIJI
Suva Airport 12.8 34.9* * an old suspicious record of 36.7C was recorded in another Station
Nadi 11.3 37.1
Nacocolevu 39.4* * very dubious
Vatukoula 37.4
Londoni 37.6* * dubious
Nadrau 6.5
Navai Valley 5.6
Rotuma Island 17 35.6
FINLAND
Helsinki Kaisaniemi-34.3 33.2
Helsinki Vantaa AP -35.9 33.7
Turku -35.5 35.9* * very dubious
Joensuu -39.5 37.2
Tampere -37 33.2
Jyvaskyla -38.5 35
Inari -48.7 32.6
Rovaniemi -47.5 32.1
Kittila-Pokka -51.5 31.8
Oulu -41.5 33.3
Lappeenranta -38.3 34.6
Lahti -40 35
Kuopio -39* 35.5 * -41.1C was also recorded in the Airport Station
Sodankyla -49.5* 32.1 * -51.3C was also recorded in February 1862
Marienhamn (Aland)-32.9 31.3
Jomala (Aland) -33.1 31.6
FRANCE
Paris Downtown -23.9 42.6
Paris St.Maur -25.6 43.6
Paris Orly -16.8 41.9
Lyon -24.6* 41.4 * -25.0C was also recorded in the Parc de la Tete d'Or Station in January 1893
Marseille -16.8* 40.6 * -17.5C was also recorded in January 1819 and in January 1709
Bordeaux -16.4* 42.6 * -23.8C was also recorded in January 1709
Nice -7.2 37.7
Strasbourg -23.6* 39.5 * -26.3C was also recorded in December 1788
Lille -19.5 41.5
Perpignan -11 42.4
Auxerre -20.2 41.1* * 41.5C was also recorded in August 1892
Caen -19.6* 39.7 * -20.7C was also recorded in the Ecole Normale Station in February 1895
Grenoble -27.1 39.5
Nantes -15.6 40.3
Toulon -9 40.1
Toulouse Airport -19.2 42.4* * 44C in 1923 was likely taken with not proper instruments
Verargues 46
Le Triadou 46.1* * unofficial
Chamonix -31 37.2
Mont Aigoual -28 30.4
Mouthe -36.7* 35.7* * unofficial records of -41.2C and 36.0C were set in 1985 and 1952
Saint Die des Vosges-37
Mont Blanc -43 9.3* * recorded on the Italian side
Ajaccio -8.1 40.3* * a record of 43C was also recorded at the Milelli station
Bastia -5 38.3
St Pierre (St Pierre Mi.)-22.5 28.3
Cayenne (French Guiana) 20.1 34.4
Cayenne AP (French Guiana)17.2 35.6
Saul (French Guiana) 14.8 36.2
Saint Laurent (F. Guiana) 17.5 38.9
Grand Santi (F. Guiana) 39.3
Fort de France(Martinique)17.3 35
Lamentin (Martinique) 14.1 35.4
Ducos (Martinique) 14.1 36.6
Champflore (Martinique) 12.1 32
Fonds-St-Denis (Martinique) 12* 33.4 * very dubious
Raizet (Guadeloupe) 13 34.2
Basse Terre (Guadeloupe) 15 35
St-Claude (Guadeloupe) 11* 33 * an unofficial value of 9.8C was recorded in December 1996
Soufriere Volcano (Guad.) 7.6* 29.9 * unofficial
Bailif (Guadeloupe) 36.5
Gustavia (Saint Barthelemy)15.6 35.8
Orleans (Saint Martin) 17 36.1
Papeete (French Polynesia)14.9 34.6
Bora Bora (French Polyn.) 17.7 35.2
Atuona (French Polynesia) 18.1 36.1
Rapa (French Polynesia) 8.5 31.6
Noumea (New Caledonia) 12.2 36.8
La Roche (New Caledonia) 2.8 33.5
Boulouparis (New Caledonia) 39.9
Bourail (New Caledonia) 2.3 38
Hihifo (Wallis) 18 33.5
Mala'etoli (Wallis) 17.6* 35.2* * suspicious
Maopoopo (Futuna) 19 35.8
Saint Denis (Reunion I.) 12.8 35.2
Pointe des Trois-Bassins (Reunion) 37
Cilaos (Reunion I.) 0.1 32
Gite de Bellecombe (Reunion)-5 25.5
Dzaoudzi AP (Mayotte) 15.6 35
Trevani (Mayotte) 36.4
Vahibe Prima (Mayotte) 14.5
Tromelin Island 17.4 35.5
Glorioso Island 15.9 35.1
Juan de Nova Island 18.2 36
Europa Island 9.4 35.8
Port Aux Francais (Kerguelen) -9.5 25.8
Possession Island (Crozet) -6.6 23.6
Amsterdam Island 1.8 26.4
GABON
Libreville 16.1 35.1
Franceville 12 36.1
Mouila 12.5 37.2
Tchibanga 14 37.5
Mekambo 10
GAMBIA
Banjul 7.2 44.4
Kuntaur 46.8
Jenoi 46.8
Boraba 4.4
GEORGIA
Tbilisi -24.4 40.6* * unofficial and questioned 42.0C was also recorded in July 1882
Kutaisi -17 43.1
Batumi -7.5 40.6
Zugdidi -15.3 42.4
Mta Sabueti -27 34.4
Martvili 45.5* * dubious
Kartsakhi -41
Mt Kazbegi Met.Stat.-42 17
Sukhumi (Abkhazia) -13 41.7
Pskhu (Abkhazia) -27 41
Lata (Abkhazia) 43
Tskhinvali (S.Ossetia)-28 36
GERMANY
Berlin -26.1* 38.9 * -31.9C was also recorded at Blankenburg station in January 1893
Koln -24.9 41.1
Frankfurt -27.2 40.2
Munich -31.6 37.7
Hamburg -29.1 40.1
Stuttgart -25.8 38.9
Essen -24 40
Bremen -23.6* 37.6 * a dubious -35.6C was recorded in December 1788
Dresden -30.5* 39.8 * -32.1C was also recorded in December 1788
Hannover -26* 38.9 * -29.4C was also recorded in December 1788
Leipzig -27.6* 38.5 * -28.7C was also recorded in 1776
Dusseldorf -22.8 40.7
Karlsruhe -25.4 40.2
Heligoland -11.2 28.7
Duisburg -19.6 41.2
Tonisvorsts -20.5 41.2
Lingen -20.5 42.6 * questioned, likely taken under not proper conditions
Landesbut -45* * unofficial
Funtensee -45.8* * unofficial, questioned
Hull -37.8 37.4
Zugspitze -35.6 17.9
GHANA
Accra 15 38
Kumasi 10.6 39
Bui 6.7
Navrongo 44.6
GREECE
Athens Hellinikon -4.2 43
Athens Votanikos -10.4 44.5
Elefsina -7 48* * questioned
Tatoi -8.8 48* * very dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Thessalonik -14* 44 * -15C was also recorded in January 1858
Tripolis -17 43
Patras -6.4 43.5
Heraklion (Crete) -1 44.4* * 45.7C was recorded in the city station in 1916
Rhodes Airport -3.9 42
Larissa -21.6* 45.5 * -22C was also recorded in January 1858
Ptolemaida -27.8 41.7
Kechroti -35.3* * unofficial
GRENADA
Saint George's Airp.16.7*34 * recorded in the old downtown station
Pearls Airport 16.1
Mac Donald College 35.7
Mirabeau 16
Grand Etang 13* * very dubious
GUATEMALA
Guatemala City 4.2 33.9
Flores 9 43.6
Estanzuela 7 45
Gualan 6 47* * dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Usumatlan 8 47* * dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Puerto San Jose 12 40.2
Puerto Barrios 11 41
Huehuetenango -5.5 35.4
Quetzaltenango -11.5 30.2
GUINEA
Conakry 16.1 38* * 38.3C was recorded in the old Observatory
Labe 3.8 40
Mali Ville 1.4
Siguiri 6.8 42.5
Koundara 45
GUINEA BISSAU
Bissau 12.2 41.4
Bolama 15.2 40
Bafata 10 43.6
Farim 7 43.2
GUYANA
Georgetown 17.4* 36.3* * extremes of 16.4C and 38.0C were also recorded at the Airport Station
Mazaruni 15 37.8
Kaieteur Falls 13
Lethem 39.2
Ebini 40.1
Mount Roraima 1* * unofficial
HAITI
Port au Prince 15 39.4
Gonaives 42* * very dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Saint Marc 42* * very dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Fort des Pins 1
Seguin 1
HONDURAS
Tegucigalpa 3.9 37.8
San Pedro Sula 9.4 43.3
Guayabillas 45.5* * very dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Santa Rosa de Copan 2.9 37
La Esperanza -0.6 31.9
El Pelon -3* * unofficial
HUNGARY
Budapest Observ. -23.4* 40.1* * extremes of -27C and 40.7C were recorded in the Airport stations
Debrecen -31.6 40.2
Szeged -29.1 40.1
Pecs -27 41.3
Baja -34.1 41
Kiskunhalas 41.9
Miskolctapolca -35
Bukk Fennsic -35.5* * unofficial, recorded in a sinkhole
ICELAND
Reykjavik -24.5 26.2
Akureyri -32.5* 29.4 * -35.7C also recorded in March 1810
Teigarhorn -25.5 30.5
Grimsey Island -30.8 22.3* * unofficial 26.2C in August 1876 was likely recorded under not standard conditions
Grimsstaoir -37.9
Moorudalur -38 32.8* * unreliable, likely taken under not proper exposure conditions
INDIA
New Delhi City -0.6 47.2
New Delhi Palam -2.2 48.4
Mumbai Santacruz AP 7.4 42.2
Mumbai Colaba Obs. 11.7 41.6
Kolkata 5 43.9
Chennai 13.9 45
Bengaluru 7.8 39.2* * temperatures as high as 41C were recorded in others city's suburbia stations
Prayagraj (Allahabad)-0.7 48.9
Lucknow -1 48.3
Jaipur -2.2 48.5
Nagpur 3.9 48.6
Hyderabad 6.1 45.5
Jammu 0.6 47.4
Chandigarh 0 46.5
Goa 13.3 39.8
Bikaner -4 49.5
Ganganagar -2.8 50
Phalodi -3.3 51
Cherrapunji -1 33.1
Srinagar -19.9 38.3
Leh -30.6 36.6
Kargil -32.8 38.4
Darbuk -34
Dras -45* 33 * Dras temperatures were likely taken under not proper conditions
Siachen Glacier -55* * unofficial,dubious
Amini Divi 18.3 37.7
Minnicoy Island 16.7 36.7
Port Blair (Andaman)16.1 36.8
Long Island (Andaman) 37.6
INDONESIA
Jakarta Observat. 18.9* 37* * records of 16.9C and 37.9C were set at the Airport and the Port stations
Surabaya 16.5 38.8
Semarang 17 39.5
Cirebon Jatiwangi 17 40
Kotabumi 40.2* * dubious
Medan 17.2 37
Banjarmasin 17 39
Makassar 14.4 39
Den Pasar (Bali) 17 36.1
Jayapura 17.6 36.9
Wamena 4.9 31.6
Ambon 18.3 36.4
Kupang 14.2 38.4
Kertasarie Estate -5.6
Puncak Jaya -8* * unofficial
IRAN
Tehran -20.6 43
Esfahan -20.1 44.6
Shiraz -14 43.6
Tabriz -25.4 42
Mashad -28 43.8
Abadan -5 53
Ahvaz -7 53.7
Jask 5 47.2
Ardebil -33.8 40.5
Saqqez -36 41
Bijar -36* 38.3 * a questioned temperature of -38C was likely recorded with not proper instruments
Kheyrabad -36.4
Mt. Damavand -54* * unofficial
IRAQ
Baghdad -8.5* 51.8 * unofficial temperature of -12.2C also recorded
Nassirya Airport -7.2 53
Najaf -7.2 51.5
Basra -4.7 53.9
Kirkuk -7 50.6
Mossul -17.6 51.1* * suspicious
Salahaddin -10.2 41.8
IRELAND
Dublin -15.6* 33.1* * extremes of -15.7C and 31.9C were recorded at the Casement Aerodrome
Cork -9.4 29.4
Shannon -11.9 32
Valentia -7.7 29.8
Kilkenny -14.1 33.3* * dubious
Lough Boora 32.5
Markree Castle -19.1 29.4
ISRAEL
Tel Aviv -1.9 43.6* * a questioned 46.5C was also recorded in 1916
Jerusalem -6.7 42.7* * a questioned 44.4C was also recorded in 1881
Haifa -3.5 44.6
Beer Sheva -5 46.2
Eilat 0.9 48.9
Sedom 3 49.9
Almog (Qalya) 51.2* * unofficial 51.4C was also recorded in 2010
Tirat Tsvi 54* * wrong data caused by a faulty instrument
Merom Golan -14.2 41.4
Mount Avital -14.3* * unofficial, questioned
Jericho (West Bank)-0.4 50.5
Hebron (West Bank) -8.6
Gaza (Gaza Strip) -2 45.9
ITALY
Rome Center -7.5 42.9
Rome Fiumicino Air.-7.8 39
Milan City -17.3 38.3* * 38.8C was also recorded in other parts of the city
Turin Observatory -19.1 39.7* * 41.6C was also recorded in the Turin North station
Florence City -12.9 42.1
Florence Airport -23.2 42.8
Venice -15* 37.5 * -18C was also recorded in December 1788
Genoa -8.5 38.5
Bologna -18.8 40.5
Naples -6* 40.5 * recorded at the Airport Station
Bari -7.6 45.6
Palermo Observatory -2 47
Cagliari -4.8 44.6
Siracusa 48.8
Lampedusa Island 2.2 40.9
Plateau Rosa -34.6 15* * unofficial 17.2C was also recorded nearby in 2003
Monte Rosa Obs. -41 10.1
Mont Blanc -43* 9.3 * recorded on the French side
Livigno -38 29
Gran Gioves -42
Busa Riviera -50.4* * recorded in a frost hollow
JAMAICA
Kingston 13.3 37.1
Montego Bay 12.8 37
St Andrews 39.1
Blue Mount.Range 0.7 23.3
JAPAN
Tokyo City -9.2 39.5* * unofficial 42.7C was recorded at the Primary School Station
Osaka City -7.5 39.1
Kyoto -11.9 39.8
Sendai -11.7 37.3
Sapporo -28.5 36.3
Yamagata -20 40.8
Kumagaya -11.6 41.1
Mount Fuji -38 17.8* * questioned 18.2C also recorded in August 2007
Asahikawa -41 37.9
Bifuka -41.5* 35.9 * unofficial
Nagoya -10.3 40.3
Hiroshima -8.6 38.7
Nagasaki -7* 37.7 * recorded at the Airport Station
Naha (Okinawa) 4.9 36
Chichijima 7.8 34.1
Minamitorishima Is.13.8 35.6
JORDAN
Amman -7.5 43.4* * 44.4C was also recorded in the Queen Alia AP in August 2023
Ma'an -8.4 43.5
Aqaba 0.6 48.8
Deir Alla 51.1
Shoubak -14* 38.2 * a temperature of -16C in December 2013 is suspicious
KAZAKHSTAN
Astana -51.6 41.6
Almaty -37.7 43.4
Atbasar -45.9* 41.6 * a dubious -57C also recorded in January 1893
Semey -51.4 42.5
Kazalinsk -41.1 45.2
Pavlodar -47.2 42
Fort Shevchenko -30 41.8
Karaganda -42.9 40.2
Turkestan -38.6 49.1
Tasty -37.8 50* * dubious
Orlovka -62* * dubious
KENYA
Nairobi 2 32.8
Mombasa 13.6 36.5
Garissa 13.9 41
Wajir 14.5 42.6
Eldoret 1.1 30.6
Ettrick Estate -3.3
Teleki Valley -13
Mount Kenya -22 11
KIRIBATI
Bonriki (Tarawa) 20 35.3
Butaritari 18.9 35
Tabuaeran 18.3 34.2
Christmas Island 18.9 34.4
Beru 20.3 35.2
Kanton Island 21.1 35.6
Banaba 20 35.6
KUWAIT
Kuwait Int. Airport -4 52.1
Kuwait City -4.4* 51.9 * a temperature of -6.1C was also recorded at Omariya Station in January 1964
Mitribah 54* * a faulty record of 54.4C in 2010 was taken under not proper exposure conditions
Bubiyan Island -4.8 51.2
Al Salmi -4.8 50.9
KYRGYZSTAN
Bishkek -34.4 42.8
Jany-Zher -42.7 43.6
Naryn -38 36.9
Ak Say -53.6 23.5
LAOS
Vientiane 2.4 42.6
Luang Prabang 0.8 43.5* * a record of 44.8C was probably recorded with not proper instruments
Savannakhet 1 42* * a 44.4C in April 1974 was recorded with not proper instruments
Pakse 7.2 41.3
Tha Ngon 43.7
Xiang Khoang Plat. -3.3 37
LATVIA
Riga -34.9 34.1* * 35.0C was also recorded in July 1811
Liepaja -32.9 35.6
Aluksne -37.4 33.3
Daugavpils -43.2 36.4
Rucava 36.5
Ventspils 37.8* * questioned
LEBANON
Beirut Observatory -1.1 43.2
Beirut Nazareth -1.5 44.8
Tripoli -2.3 39.6
Ksara -18.3 41.2
Yammoune -22.7* * it is also found rounded to -23.5C
Houche Al Oumara 45.4
Haouch ed Dahab 46.7* * very dubious, likely recorded with not proper instruments
LESOTHO
Maseru -10 39.4
Oxbow -16.9
Lets'eng-La-Draai -20.4 31
Sani Pass -27.5* * questioned
LIBERIA
Monrovia Downtown 18 36.5
Roberts Int.Airport 12.8 36.7
Voinjama 4.4
Ganta 40
Tapeta 40
LIBYA
Tripoli City -0.6 47
Tripoli Airport -1.3 49.1
Misurata 0 47.6
Sirt 0.4 48.5
Benghazi Benina 0.6 45.6
Ghadames -8 48.4
Jalo -2.8 49.1
Zuwarah -1.1 50.2
Hon -9 48
Al Azizia -3 48* * an old record of 58.0C was recorded under terrible exposure conditions
LIECHTENSTEIN
Vaduz -26 36
Ruggel 37.4
Malbun -30 28
LITHUANIA
Vilnius -37.2 35.4
Kaunas -36.3 35.3
Zarasai 37.5
Utena -42.9 34.5
LUXEMBOURG
Luxembourg -23.1 39
Remich -19 40.5
Steinsel 40.8
Wiltz -24.6
MADAGASCAR
Antananarivo 1.2 34.8* * an old record of 36C was also set in the Observatory
Toamasina (Tamatave) 8 38.9
Tulear 6 42.3
Nosy Be 12.8 37
Antsiranana 13 36.7
Ejeda 43.6
Nanokeli -8.5
Mount Andringitra -11 30
Andringitra Massif -16* * unofficial
MALAWI
Lilongwe -0.6 38.9* * dubious,recorded in the City Hall station
Blantyre 4.4 40.1* * recorded at the Airport
Zomba 5 38.6
Chelinda -6.7 26.5
Nsanje 46
Nkate 6.7 46
Chingala 46
MALAYSIA
Kuala Lumpur 17.8 37.9
Penang 18 37.2
Malacca 18.9 38
Chuping 16.1 40.1
Cameron Highlands 2.2* 27.9 * an unofficial temperature of 0.1C was also recorded
Kuching 17.8 37.3
Sibu 16.5 37.1
Kota Kinabalu 18.6 36.5
Kudat 19.5 37.6
Keningau 15 37.3
Panar Laban Hut 0.6* * unofficial
Labuan 20 37.1
MALDIVES
Male 19 34.9
Hanimaadhoo 18.2 35.1
Gan 19.7 33.6
Kadhdhoo 20 34.8* * a dubious 36.8C was recorded in May 1991
MALI
Bamako 6.1 46
Kayes 8.8 48.5
Gao 6.5 48.2
Timbuctu 4.8 47.8
Kidal 0.5 47.8
MALTA
Valletta 1.2* 41.9 * a dubious 0.0C was also recorded in January 1858
Luqa Airport 1.4 43.8
Balzan 2.6 43.1
Ta'Qali -1.7* * unofficial
Nadur 44.4
MARSHALL ISLANDS
Majuro 20 34* * dubious
Kwajalein 20 33.3
Utirik 35.6
MAURITANIA
Nouakchott 3.9 48
Nouadhibou 5 45.4
Bir Moghrein 1 49.1
Kiffa 5 49
Atar 2 48.9
Akjoujt 6 50* * dubious
Moudjeria 50* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
MAURITIUS
Port Louis 10.5 38* * dubious
Plaisance Airport 11 34.4* * a dubious 35.9C also recorded in January 1952
Pamplemousses 8.9 35.5
Constance 36.6
Vacoas 7.7 31.6
Belle Rive 6.5
Agalega Island 16.8 35.8
Rodrigues Island 14.5 34.1
Raphael Island(Cargados) 15.9 35.6* * unofficial and dubious reading of 36.1C was also recorded in 1946
MEXICO
Mexico City -4.4 34.7
Guadalajara -5.5 40.5
Monterrey -8.5* 46.5 * an unofficial record of -15C was recorded in February 1895 in the highest parts of the city
Acapulco 15 40.5
Puebla -9 36
Tijuana -1.5* 43.3 * a questioned -4.0C was also recorded in December 1954
La Paz -1.9 44
Tampico -2.5 45
Ciudad Victoria -6.1 47.4
Cancun 7.2 39.5* * dubious
Merida 5 44* * a record of 45.0C was reported in the northern city statio
Mexicali -8 52
Rancho Williams -5 52* * dubious
Delta -6 52* * dubious
Tepache -4.5 52
Chihuahua -16* 43.1 * -18C was also recorded at the Airport
Villa Ahumada -30 46
Mohinora Peak -31* * unofficial
MICRONESIA
Pohnpei 18.1 36.1* * a dubious 36.7C was also recorded in November 2009
Chuuk 18.9 35.6
Yap 18.3 35.9
MOLDOVA
Chisinau -31.5 39.4
Bratuseni -35.5
Falesti 42.4
Tiraspol (Transnistria) -30* 41 * unofficial -32C was also recorded
Slobodzya (Transnistria) 41.9
Camenca (Transnistria)-32.8 41.5
MONACO
Monaco Ville -3 34
Jardin Exotique -5.2 35.1
MONGOLIA
Ulaan Bataar -49 39
Murun -47.2 37.4
Choibalsan -41.6 41.9
Altai -42.1 32
Khongor 44.5
Tosontsengel -52.9 36
Zungoovi -55.3
Uvs Lake -56
MONTENEGRO
Podgorica Downtown -9.7 44.8
Podgorica Airport -12 42.5
Bar -7.2 37.7
Danilovgrad 44.8
Rozaje -32 36
Kosanica -33.4
MOROCCO
Rabat Sale -3.2 47.2
Casablanca Airport -2.7 45.2
Fez Airport -7.9* 46.7* * records of -8.2C and 47.1C were taken in the City Observatory
Tangier -4.2 43.5
Agadir -2.6 50.4* * a dubious record of 51.8C in August 1940 is probably incorrect
Sidi Ifni 51* * dubious
Marrakech -5 49.6
Essaouira 3.8 34
Ifrane -24 37.8
Dayet Hachlaf -25.5
El Aaiun(W.Sahara) 2.8 47.2
Semara (W.Sahara) 2.8 50.7
Dakhla (W. Sahara) 7.2 42.2
MOZAMBIQUE
Maputo 5.1 45.5
Inhambane 6.6 37.3
Quelimane 9.9 44.4
Pemba 12 36
Tete 7.7 46
Maue -2.8 37.4
Chibuto 7.5 47.3
MYANMAR
Naypyitaw 10 44.5
Yangon 9.1 42.5
Mandalay 5.6 45.6
Myinmu 47.2
Kawthaung-Victoria P.15 40
Dawei 5.5 40.7
Myitkyina 5 41.8
Hakha -6 32.5
NAMIBIA
Windhoek -6.9 39.5
Gobabis -9.9 41.7
Walvis Bay Airport 0 42.8
Noordoewer -1.1 47.8
Stampriet -10.5* 43.7 * recorded at Rohrback Farm
NAURU
Yaren 20.4 34.6* * a dubious record of 35.3C was set in 1938
NEPAL
Kathmandu -3.9 37.8
Pokhara 0.5 38.5
Dhangadi 0 46.4
Jumla -15 34.6
Lomantang -22.5
Tsho Rolpa Lake -23.2 14.6
Machhermo -25* * unofficial
NETHERLANDS
Amsterdam Airport -19.7 36.4
De Bilt -24.7 37.5
Rotterdam -20.3* 37.2 * -20.4C was recorded in the city station
Eindhoven -21.7 40.4
Maastricht Airport-19.3* 39.6 * old city station also recorded -22.9C
Gilze Rijen -20.2 40.7
Winterswijk -27.4
Oranjestad (Aruba) 19 35.3
Queen Beatrix Airport (Aruba) 19 36.5
Flamingo Airport (Bonaire) 19.8 36.3
Kralendijk (Bonaire) 18* 35.5 * an unreliable 16.4C was recorded in December 1962
Hato Airport (Curacao) 19 38.3
Willemstad (Curacao) 19* 36 * a dubious 17C was also recorded at the Fort Nassau station in 1933
Sumbu (Curacao) 18.9
Princess Juliana AP(St Maarten)17 35
Roosevelt AP(Sint Eustatius) 16.4 34.3
Oranjestad (Sint Eustatius) 16.3* * a dubious 16.0C was also recorded in December 1966
Saba Airport (Saba) 20 34.4
National Marine Park (Saba) 16 35
Windwardside (Saba) 16
Hell's Gate (Saba) 16
NEW ZEALAND
Wellington -1.9 30.6* * an old record of 31.1C in 1895 is suspicious
Auckland -2.5 33.1* * a questioned temperature of 34.4C was recorded in Albert Park Station
Christchurch -7.2* 41.6 * an old -10.4C was recorded in the outskirts of the city
Dunedin -8.8 35.7
Invercargill -9.1 32.3
Queenstown -12.2 34.1
Westport -3.5 29.2
Rangiora -7.6 42.4
Ranfurly -25.6 33.7
Raoul Island 7.4 31
Chatham Island -2.5 26.8
Campbell Island -7.9 21.2
Enderby Island -4.2 17.2
Alofi (Niue) 11.5 34.6
Hanan Airport (Niue) 10.6 33.9
Aitutaki(Cook Islands) 12.8 35.6* * very dubious, likely recorded under not proper conditions
Avarua-Rarotonga(Cook) 8.9 35.4
Penrhyn (Cook Islands) 19.3 35.1
Fakaofo (Tokelau) 19 35.6
NICARAGUA
Managua 14 38.8
Leon 13 40
Jinotega 8.6 34.6
Esteli 5.5 35.8
Chinandega 11 41.6
San Francisco Libre 42* * very dubious
Rivas 16.3 36.9
Bluefields 16 39.4
NIGER
Niamey 8.3 47
Agadez 3 47.1
Bilma -2.4 49
Nguigmi 3 47.1
Tillabery 6 47.5
NIGERIA
Abuja 8 42
Lagos 13.9 38
Port Harcourt 13.9 38.6
Ilorin 9 40.2
Kano 3.9 44.8
Maiduguri 6.1 46.1
Yola 46.4* * dubious
Sokoto 3.9 47.2* * very dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
Jos 1.1 37.2
Potiskum 2.8 46.1
NORTH KOREA
Pyongyang -30.2 37.9
Chunggang -43.6 40.2
Wonsan -24 39.7
Sinuiju -27.3 38.5
Haeju -19.4 38
Hoeryong -35.6 40.5
Sinmusong -45.1
Baekdu Mountain -51* * unofficial
NORTH MACEDONIA
Skopje -25.6 43.2
Bitola -29.4 41.2
Stip -24.4 43.5
Berovo -31.5 39
Demir Kapija 45.7
NORWAY
Oslo Airport -32 33
Oslo City -26* 35 * -27.9C was also recorded in February 1871
Bergen -16.3 33.6
Trondheim -26.1 35
Tromso City -18.4* 30.2* * -21.8C and 30.4C were also recorded in suburbia stations
Hammerfest -23.5 29.7
Nesbyen -38 35.6
Laksors 35.6* * unofficial
Roros -50.4 30.7
Karasjok -51.4 32.6
Finse -39.6 24.8
Mount Fannaraki -33 18.5
Bjornoya Island -31.6 23.6
Hopen Island -36.9 17.4
Jan Mayen Island -30.6 18.1
Longyearbyen(Svalbard) -46.3 21.7
Barentsburg (Svalbard) -39.8 20.3
Gronfjorden (Svalbard) -49.4
Bouvet Island -18.7 10.6
OMAN
Muscat Airport 9.4 49.2
Salalah 10 47.2
Fahud 5.6 50.7
Buraimi 2.5 50.8
Sohar Majis 5.7 50.8
Joba 51.6
Saiq -3.6 37.1
Jabal ash Sham -9.7 27.6
PAKISTAN
Islamabad -4.3 46.6
Lahore -2.2 48.3
Karachi 0 47.8
Jacobabad -3.9 52.8
Mohenjo-daro -5.4 53.5
Turbat -2 53.5
Peshawar -3.9 50
Dalbandin -12.2 51.4
Quetta -18.3 42
Skardu -24.1 41* * an old 42.7C was also recorded in another station
Astore -26 37
Arboi -30* * unofficial
PALAU
Ngerulmud
Koror 20.6 35.6
Nekken Forestry 18.9 34.4
PANAMA
Panama City 17.2 37
Tocumen Airport 17 37.5
David 16.5 38
Santiago 15.6 39.4
San Francisco 15.4 40
Bajo Grande 2 26.2
Baru Volcano -6* * unofficial
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Port Moresby 14.4 37.2
Lae 17.3 39.4
Goroka 6.1 30.6
Laiagam -5
Kieta (Bougainville)17.8 35.6
Buin (Bougainville) 36.7
PARAGUAY
Asuncion Downtown -2.3 43.1
Asuncion Airport -0.6 43* * 43.9C was also recorded in the AWS station
Ciudad del Este -3 42.4
Encarnacion -6 42* * 42.1C was also recorded in the AWS station
Concepcion -2.8 43.5* * 44.0C was also recorded in the downtown station
Bahia Negra 0 44
Prats Gill -7.5 45.4
Las Palmas 46.2
PERU
Lima 8.8* 33.8* * extremes of 6.8C and 35.2C were also recorded in La Molina district
Iquitos 11.2 38.6
Cuzco -9 29.9
Arequipa -4 29.4
Tacna 0.6 33.5
Pucallpa 8 39.6
Piura 9.7 38.4
Inapari 41.6
Nuevo Lima 41.6* * dubious,likely taken under not proper exposure conditions
Macusani -28.2
Chuapalca -28.3* * suspicious,likely taken under not proper exposure conditions
PHILIPPINES
Manila Metro 14.5* 38.8* * old unofficial records were 13.5C in February 1767 and 39.7C in May 1878
Tuguegarao 12.2 42.2
Baguio 3 30.4
Mount Pulag -8* * unofficial
Basco 11.6 36.9
Cebu 16.9 37.5
Puerto Princesa 17.2 36.5
Cuyo 19 37.2
Cotabato (Mindanao)17.4 38.7
Gen.Santos (Mindanao)16.9 39.4
Malaybalay (Mindanao)10 36.6
POLAND
Warsaw -32.5* 38 * -33.7C was also recorded in February 1855
Lodz -30.3* 37.6 * -32.5C was also recorded in the Ruda Pabianicka station
Krakow -35.5 38.4* * 39.2C was also recorded in the Astronomical Observatory
Poznan -29.1* 38.7 * -36.5C was recorded in January 1850
Gdansk -31.8 35.8
Slubice -29.4 39.5
Wroclaw -32 38.9
Proszkow -35.4 40.2
Kasprowy Wierch -30.2 23.4
Zywiec -40.6 38
Siedlce -33.3* 35.5 * -41C recorded in January 1940 was likely taken with not proper instruments
Czarny Dunajec -41* 33.9 * unofficial
Kalisz -42* 38 * unofficial,dubious
Czechowice-Dziedzic -42* * unofficial
Dubie -42* * unofficial,dubious
Rabka -45* 34.4 * unofficial,questioned
Jablonka -46* 33.9 * unofficial,questioned
PORTUGAL
Lisbon -1.2* 44 * an old record of -3.5C was also set in 1766
Porto -5 40.9
Faro -1.4 44.3
Setubal -5.3 45.5
Beja -5.5 45.4
Braganca -12 41.3
Amareleja 47.4
Penhas da Saude -16
Miranda do Douro -16 42
Funchal (Madeira) 4.4 38.7
Quinta Grande (Madeira) 39.1
Santo da Serra (Madeira) 40* * unofficial
Arieiro Peak (Madeira) -7
Bica da Cana (Madeira) -9.5* * dubious
Santa Maria (Azores)4.8 30.7
Lajes (Azores) 1.8 32.5
Cerrado dos Bezerros (Azores) 0.3 27
Cha das Lagoinhas (Azores) -3.5
QATAR
Doha Airport 5 50.4
Umm Said 3 52.2* * dubious
Abu Samra 1.5
ROMANIA
Bucharest -30* 42.4 * -32.2C was also recorded in the Baneasa Airport in January 1942
Timisoara -35.3 41.1
Iasi -36.3 41.3
Cluj -34.2 38.5
Constanta -25 38.5
Galati -28.6 40.5
Miercurea Ciuc -38.4 36
Calafat -26 44.3
Ion Sion Farm (Ramnicelu)44.5* * questioned, likely recorded under not proper exposure conditions
Varfu Omul -38 22.1
Bod -38.5
Gheorgheni Depression -43.5* * unofficial
RUSSIA
Moscow Observatory-42.1 38.2* * 39.7C was also recorded in the Bykovo Airport Station
St.Petersburg -35.9 37.1
Nizhniy Novgorod -41.4 38.3
Kaliningrad -33.3 36.5
Archangelsk -45.2 34.4
Murmansk -39.4 32.9
Omnsk -49 40.4
Pechora -56 35
Ust'Schugor (Europe)-58.1 35
Sochi -13.4* 39.4 * unofficial lowest of -18C also recorded
Grozny (Chechnya) -31.5 42
Astrakhan -33.8 41
Jaskul -36.1 44.4
Utta 45.4
Krasnoyarsk -52.8 36.4
Hatanga -59 36.7
Irkutsk -49.7 37.2
Verkhojansk -67.6* 38 * originally -69.8C, later corrected for reading and overexposure errors
Oymyakon -67.7* 34.6 * an extrapolated data of -71.2C in 1926 is also on records
Vladivostok Port -31.4 33.6
Magadan -34.6 27.8
Yuzhno-Kuril'ske -20.3 30.5
Cape Lopatka -21 20
Ust Kara (Asia) -50 42.7
Vize Island -47.9 9.2
RWANDA
Kigali 9 35.4* * an old record of 35.6C is probably unreliable
Butare 8.5 32
Kinigi 0
Ruhondo 0
ST KITTS AND NEVIS
Basseterre 16.1 35.1
Golden Rock AP 16 34.1
Nevis Airport 18 34.1
ST LUCIA
Castries 15.6 35.6
Soufriere 13.3* 36.1* * Soufriere old data was likely taken with not proper instruments
Hewanorra Airport 16.1 33.9
Reunion 35.6
ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
Kingstown Downtown 16.7 33.9
Camden Park 17.2 35.6
SAMOA
Apia 16.1 35.2
Alaufa 15.3 34.9
Asau 16.8 36.5
Afiamalu 8.4 29.7* * a dubious 31.8C was also recorded in 2015
SAN MARINO
San Marino City -13.6 39.9
Serravalle -18 40.3
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
Sao Tome 13.3 36
Sto Antonio(Principe)15.6 34.7
Monte Cafe 8.7 32.5
SAUDI ARABIA
Ryad -7.2 49
Yenbo 4.7 49.6
Madinah -1 49
Jeddah 9 52
Makkah 8 51.8
Gizan 11.8 45.3
Abha 0.2 38.1
Dhahran -1 51.1
Shaybah 2 53* * dubious
Khurais -2 52
Turaif -12.2 47
SENEGAL
Dakar 10.7 42.7
Matam 6.8 48.8
Podor 6.1 47.9
Fete Ole 49* * unofficial
Linguere 5.4 47.7* * dubious
Kaolak 7.9 47.8* * dubious
Ziguinchor (Casam.) 7.8 45
Tambacounda 7.2 47
Diourbel 4.2 47.5
SERBIA
Belgrade -26.2* 43.6 * -29.5C was also recorded in the Zemun Polje Airport in 1963
Novi Sad -30.7 41.6
Kraljevo -27.1 44.3
Smederevska Palanka-32.6 44.9
Cuprija -28.4 44.6
Nis -23.7 44.2
Sjenica -38 36.2
Karajukica Bunari -39.5
Kapaonik -26.6 30
Pristina (Kosovo) -27.2 40
Prizren (Kosovo) -23.6 42
Gnjilane (Kosovo) -32.5
SEYCHELLES
Port Victoria 19.3 32.8
La Pointe La Rue AP19.6 34.8
Aldabra Atoll 17.5 36.3
SIERRA LEONE
Freetown 15 37* * a questioned record of 38.6C was taken under not proper exposure conditions
Bo 12 38.5
Makeni 9 39.4
Daru 11.7 40
Njala 6.1 40
Mano 40
Musaia 40* * suspicious, likely taken with not proper instruments
Kabala 5 37.8
SINGAPORE
Singapore Downtown 18.9 36.7
Changi Airport 20.2 36
Tengah Air Base 18.9 37
Ang Mo Kio 37
SLOVAKIA
Bratislava -31.8* 39.4 * -36C was also recorded at Devínska Nová Ves Station in 1929
Kosice -30.5 39
Hurbanovo -35 40.3
Lomnicky Stit -31.5 19.5
Viglas Pstrus-Dolina -41
SLOVENIA
Ljubljana -26.4* 40.2 * -28.2C was also recorded at the old Brnik Station in 1940
Kocevje -31.5 38
Murska Sobota -31 40.1
Maribor -26.7 40.6
Crnomelj -26.3 40.6
Cerklje ob Krki 40.8
Trebnje 41.4* * unofficial,dubious
Mount Kredarica -28.3 21.6
Babno-Polje -34.5* 34.8 * unofficial temperature of -39.6C was recorded nearby in February 1929
Lepa Komna -49.1* * recorded in a frost hollow
SOLOMON ISLANDS
Honiara 16.6 36.1
Munda 17.4 35
Lata (Santa Cruz) 18.9 34.2
Kira Kira 15.6* 35.7* * very dubious
Tulaghi 36.1* * dubious
SOMALIA
Mogadishu 15 39.8
Kisimayo 18 37.8
Baidoa 16.1 38.9
Bosaso 45.3
Qardho 5.6
Berbera (Somaliland)12.2 47.8
Hargeysa (Somaliland)2.8* 37.7 * old records as low as -1.1C are not reliable
Erigavo (Somaliland)-3.3* 30.6 * dubious, like taken with not proper instruments
SOUTH AFRICA
Cape Town Observ. 1.4* 42.4 * -2.2C was also recorded in the former Wingfield airfield
Pretoria -6.1 42.7
Bloemfontein -12.2 42* * an old dubious 42.8C also recorded
Johannesburg -8.2 38.9
Cape Point 3.5 39.3
Durban 2.6 41.9
Port Elizabeth -0.5 40.7
Sutherland -16.4 37.9
Buffelsfontein -20.1* 38.6 * dubious
Vioolsdrif 48.8
Dunbrody 50* * very dubious
Marion Island -6.8 25.6
SOUTH KOREA
Seoul -23.1* 39.6 * -24.4C was also recorded in another city station
Incheon -21 38.9
Busan -14* 37.3 * -15.0C was also recorded in the Airport Station
Taegu -20.2 40
Jeju -6* 37.5 * -7C was also recorded in the Airport Station
Yangpyong -32.6 37.6
Taegwalliong -28.9 32.9
Cholwon -33* 38.4 * unofficial
SOUTH SUDAN
Ramciel 8.3* 43.3* * data from nearby town of Rumbek
Juba 11.1 44.5
Wau 9.3 44.6* * an old suspicious 46.0C also recorded
Raga 3.6 43.9
Renk 7.6 47.3
SPAIN
Madrid Retiro Obs.-10.4 40.7
Madrid Barajas AP -15.2 42.7
Barcelona City -6.8* 39.8* * extremes of -10.0C and 40.0C were recorded at the Fabra Hill Observatory
Barcelona Airport -8 37.4
Seville -5.8 46.6
La Coruna City -3 39.6
Valencia -8* 44.7* * extremes of -9.5C and 46.8C were also recorded in the Manises Airfield
Granada Airport -14.2 46
Malaga Airport -3.8 44.2
Leon -17.4 38.2
Bilbao -8.6* 44 * an old record of -11.2C was likely taken with not proper instrument
Ibiza Island -3 41
Calamocha -30 39.9
Murcia -6* 47 * -7.5C was also recorded in the Maciascoque Observatory in 1985
La Rambla 47.6
Totana 48* * unofficial
Utrera 48* * unofficial
Arahal 49* * dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments
Lora del Rio 48* * dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments
La Palma del Condado 48* * dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments
Estany Gento -32 27.1
Vega de Liordes -35.8* * unofficial,recorded in a sinkhole
Viña Acevedo (Ceuta)1.3 40.8
Monte Hacho (Ceuta)-0.4 38.5
Melilla -0.5 41.8
Sta Cruz de Tenerife(Canary)8.1 42.6
Gran Canaria AP (Canary) 6.5 44.2
Fuerteventura AP (Canary) 8 43
La Palma AP (Canary) 9.4 38.4
Lanzarote AP (Canary) 7.6 43.6
Hierro AP (Canary) 8 34.2
Arrecife (Canary) 7 48* * dubious
Izana (Canary) -9.8 30.4
Teide Peak (Canary) -16.8 25.8
Canada de la Grieta(Canary)-21* 34 * unofficial
SRI LANKA
Colombo 15.2 37
Negombo Airport 15.3 38.4
Batticaloa 16.9 39
Trincomalee 16.5 39.8
Anuradhapura 11.8 39.8
Vavuniya 40.1
Bandarawela 5.3 33
Nuwara Eliya -2.7 27.7
SUDAN
Khartoum 5.2 47.7
Port Sudan 10 48.9
Wadi Halfa 1 49.5
Abu Hamed 4.1 49.5
Dongola 1 49.7
Zalingei -1 42.7
El Fasher 0.6 46.3
Damazine 8.5 47
SURINAME
Paramaribo 14.4 37.8
Zanderij 14.3 38
Nickerie 16.4 35
Placers L en F de Jong 17 39.3* * dubious
SWEDEN
Stockholm Observ. -32* 36* * old dubious records, likely taken with not proper instruments
Stockholm Bromma -32.8 35.3
Gothenburg -26.4 34.1
Malmo -28 34
Uppsala -39.5 37.4
Linkoping -33.5 36.9
Vasteras -36.5 36
Malilla -33.8 38* * dubious
Ultuna -32.2 38* * dubious
Karesuando -49* 32.5 * an unofficial reading of -54C was recorded in the churchyard of the town
Pitea -41.5 34.9
Nikkaluokta -49.4 28.5
Vuoggatjalme -52.6 29.3
Malgovik -53* * very questioned, recorded with private equipments
Buttle (Gotland Is.)-32.8 35.2
Ekerum (Oland Is.) -29.2 33
Mossen (Oland Is.) -26.1 34.5
SWITZERLAND
Bern -23.3 37
Geneva -19.9* 39.7 * -25.3C was also recorded in January 1838
Zurich Observat. -24.2 36* * a reading of 37.7C of 1947 have been corrected to 35.8C by Meteo Swiss
Zurich Airport -24.8 37.1
Basel -24.1 39.1
Grono -13 41.5* * questioned,recorded under not proper conditions
Lugano -14 37.1* * a reading of 38.0C of 1945 have been discounted by Meteo Swiss
Saentis -32 21
Jungfraujoch -36.6 12.8
La Brevine -42.5* 33.7 * originally -41.8C, later corrected by Meteo Swiss
Glattalp -52.5* * unofficial,recorded in a hollow frost
SYRIA
Damascus Airport -13.5* 46 * -15C was also recorded in Madaya Station in 1950
Aleppo -18 47.4
Palmyra -10.4 48.3
Deir El Zor -10.4 48.8
Hassakah -11 49.4
Tel Abiadh -16.5 46.5
Idlib -23
TAIWAN
Taipei -0.2 39.7
Taichung -1 39.9* * a semi official reading of 41.2C was also in the Agro station
Kaohsiung 4.4 37.2
Taitong 7.2 40.2
Penghu Island 7.2 36.7
Alishan -11.5 25.5
Yushan North Peak -18.4 23.8
Fuyuan 41.6
TAJIKISTAN
Dushanbe -29 44.1
Khorog (Gorno Bad.) -32 39
Shaymak -51.6 27
Eastern Pamir -63* * unofficial
Khundjand -22.8 45.9
Qurghonteppa -24.1 46
Aivadj 47
Nizhniy Pyandzh -27 48* * dubious
TANZANIA
Dar es Salaam Air. 12.8 36.3
Dodoma 7.6 36.7
Tanga 15.5 35.2
Mbeya -5.5* 32 * dubious
Moshi 8 38.9
Kilimanjaro Airport 6 38.7
Kisauni (Zanzibar) 16 39.4
Wete (Pemba) 15.6
Mount Kilimanjaro -22* * unofficial
THAILAND
Bangkok 9.9 41
Pattaya 14.6 37.3
Phuket 17.4 39.4
Koh Samui 17.8 38
Narathiwat 17.1 39
Chiang Mai 3.7 42.5
Chiang Rai 1 42
Udon Thani 2.5 44.1
Ubon Ratchathani 6.7 43.3
Sakon Nakhon -1.4 43.4
Dan Sai -1.5
Tak 4.7 45.4
Doi Inthanon -8
Mt.Luang Chiang Dao -9* * unofficial
TIMOR LESTE
Dili 11.8 36.6
Viqueque 12 38
Manatuto 38.5
Oecusse 15.6 35.4
Hato Builico 1 25
TOGO
Lome 14.3 37.8
Sokode 10 41.2
Mango 10 44
Palime 9.8 37
TONGA
Nuku'Alofa 8.3 33.9
Fuaamotu Airport 8.7 34.4
Keppel Island 11.1 34.6
Niuafoou 13.2 35.5
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Port of Spain AP 15.6* 36.5 * a temperature of 14.4C in December 1929 is suspicious
Tobago Airport 18.2 34.2
Penal 15
TUNISIA
Tunis -3.8 49
Bizerte -2 48.9
Sfax Airport -2.3 47.8
Djerba 0 47.5
Kebili -5 48.9* * a wrong record of 55.0C was taken under terrible exposure conditions
Kairouan -4.5 50.3
Burj al-Hattabah -9
Bou Chebka -10.3
TURKEY
Ankara Downtown -24.9 41
Ankara Airport -31.2 41.2
Istanbul -16.1 41.5
Izmir -11.1 43.2
Luleburgaz (Europe)-27.8 44.6
Erzurum -40 36.5
Antalya -7.8 45.6
Iskenderun -3.2 43.7
Samsun -9.8 39
Diyarbakyr -24.2 46.2
Sanliurfa -12.4 46.8
Cizre 49.1
Agri (Karakose) -45.6 39.9
TURKMENISTAN
Ashgabat -28 47.2* * unofficial reading of 48C also recorded
Turkmenabad -25.4 46.4
Serhetabat(Kushka)-33.8 47.6
Repetek Reserve -31 50.1
Chesme -35 49
Dashoguz -36* * unofficial
TUVALU
Funafuti 19.7 35.3* * an old record of 36.1C is probably unreliable
Nui 19.5* 35.9* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
Niulakita 20.6 36.1* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments
Nanumea 35.5
UGANDA
Kampala 10 36.2
Entebbe Airport 10 32.2
Kabale 2.8 31
Soroti 40.1* * dubious,likely taken under not proper conditions
Kitgum 40
Mbarara -1.1* * unreliable,likely taken under not proper conditions
Rwenzori Range -7.7* * unofficial
UKRAINE
Kyiv -32.9 39.4
Odessa -29 39.3
Kharkiv -35.6 39.8
Lviv -33.6 37
Ivano Frankivsk -34.1 37.3
Simferopol -30.3 39.5
Yalta -15.1* 39.1 * unofficial -17.8C was also recorded
Voznesensk -29.7 41.3
Lukhansk -41.9 42
Ai Petri -27.4 30.2
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Abu Dhabi Airport 5.4 49.3
Sharjah 2.5 49.3
Dubai 7.4 49.3* * 50.0C was also recorded in the DWC Airport in 2018
Ras al Khaimah 4.3 49
Fujairah 10.8 50.2
Al Jazeera 1.3 52.1* * suspicious
Mezaira 5.6 51.8
Swiehan 4.6 51.8
Rakhna -2 50
Jabal Jais -5.7 36.5
UNITED KINGDOM (and Crown's dependencies)
Greater London -18.8* 40.2 * -21.1C also recorded in December 1796 and January 1795
Birmingham -15.8 37 * -20.8C was also recorded at the Airport
Liverpool -14 36
Manchester -17.8* 37.7 * an old record of-24C was taken with not proper instruments
Cambridge -17.8 39.9
Oxford -17.8 36.5
Aberdeen -20.6 30
Glasgow -19.9 31.9* * 32.4C was also recorded in the Prestwick Airport in 1948
Edinburgh -17.4 31.6
Cardiff -16.7 34.5
Belfast -12.8* 30.8 * -14.9C was also recorded at the Airport Station in December 2010
Cairngorm -16.5 21.7
Blackadder -30.6* * unofficial and questioned reading recorded in December 1879
Saint Albans -33.9* * unofficial and questioned reading recorded in December 1788
Coningsby (England) 40.3
Hawarden (Wales) 37.1
Charterhall (Scotland) 34.8
Edgomond(England) -26.1
Braemar (Scotland) -27.2 28
Altnaharra (Scotland) -27.2
Rhayader (Wales) -23.3
Castlederg (N. Ireland) -18.6 31.3
Edenfel (N.Ireland) -19.4* * unofficial, recorded under not standard exposure conditions
Jersey Mason St Louis 37.9
Jersey St. Helier -10.3 36
Jersey Airport -10.9 37.8
Guernsey Airport -7.2 34.3
Rocquaine Bay (Guernsey) 35
St Martin (Guernsey) -9.2
Alderney Island -9* 35* * questioned
Sark Island -7.5 33.3
Isle of Man Airport -9.1 28.9
Douglas (Isle of Man)-11.9 29.6* * unofficial, dubious
St.Mary's (Scilly Is.)-7.3 27.8
Kirkwall (Orkney) -7.8 25.6
Deerness (Orkney) -13.3* * dubious
Lerwick (Shetland) -8.9 23.4
Baltasound (Shetland)-11.9 24.4
Sumburgh (Shetland) -10 27.8
Stornoway (Hebrides) -12.2 26.3
Benbecula (Hebrides) 27.2
Fair Isle -5.6 20.2
Sule Skerry -3 20
Gibraltar -2.9 40.6
Wade Airport (Bermuda) 6.7 33.9
Prospect (Bermuda) 6.1 34.9
Fort George (Bermuda) 5.2 34.5
Plymouth (Montserrat) 15.6 33.9
Grand Turk (Turks C.) 15.6 35.6
Owens Roberts AP(Cayman I.)11.1 34.9
West Bay (Cayman I.) 11.2 34.9
Georgetown (Cayman I.) 36.3* * unofficial, recorded with a private equipment
The Valley (Anguilla) 17.9 34.2
Tortola (Virgin Is.) 16.7 34.4
Beef Is. AP (Virgin I.) 19 35
Stanley (Falkland I.)-11.2 26.1
Mount Pleasant (Falkland I.) -10.4 29.2
Fox Bay (Falkland I.) 29.6
Darwin (Falkland I.) -14.4
Pebble Island (Falkland I.) -4.4 21
Weddell Island (Falkland I.) -7.2 23.2
Sea Lion Island (Falkland I.) -8.7 22.4
Grytviken (South Georgia) -19.4 28.8
Bird Island (S.Georgia) -11.4 14.5
South Thule Isl.(S.Sandwich) -29.8 18.3
Jamestown (St Helena) 14.4 33.9
St Matthews (St Helena)7.8 28.8
Wide Awake F.(Ascension)18.3 33.5
Georgetown (Ascension)18.8 35.3
Residency (Ascension) 14.5 30.8
Tristan da Cunha Is. 2.4 27.6
Gough Island -2.7 28.6
Diego Garcia Island 18.3 37.2
Adamstown (Pitcairn) 10 30.3
Henderson Isl.(Pitcairn) 35
UNITED STATES
URUGUAY
Montevideo -5.8* 42.8 * -7.4C was also recorded in the Carrasco Airport
Salto -5.3 42.5
Rocha -5.8 42
Artigas -5.2 42
Mercedes -8.2 42.8* * 44.6C in 1923 was likely taken with not proper instruments
Rivera -5.4 42.2* * 44.0C in 1953 was likely taken with not proper instruments
Paysandu -7.4 44
Florida 44
Melo -11 42.1* * 43.1C in 1935 was likely taken with not proper instruments
UZBEKISTAN
Tashkent -29.5 44.6
Termez -23.9* 47* * unofficial old readings of -25C and 50.5C were taken with not proper conditions
Tamdy -30.1 48.4
Samarkand -25.4 42.4
Kulkuduk -37 47
Mashikuduk -25 49.7
Karakalpakiya -39.8 46
VANUATU
Port Vila Airport 8.5 35.7
Santo-Pekoa Airport12.6 34.4
Aneityum 11 34.3
Sola Vanua Lava 12 35
Lamap Malekula 13.5 36.2
VATICAN CITY* -7.2 42.9 * data from the Rome Center stations of Macao and Collegio Romano is used
VENEZUELA
Caracas Downtown 7.1* 35.3* * temperatures of 6.0C and 35.5C were recorded in other city's stations
Caracas Airport 15.4 37.1
Maracaibo 17 41
Ciudad Bolivar 17.7 40.4
Coro 18* 43.6 * an old record of 16.0C was likely affected by overexposure
Maracay 10.8 38.5
Margarita Island 16 38
Merida 7.9 33.2
Mucubaji -8.6 22.2
Piedras Blancas -12* * unofficial
VIETNAM
Hanoi 2.7 41.5* * an old record of 42.8C at the Gia Lam Airport was taken under not standard exposure conditions
Ho Chi Min City 13.8 40.6* * an old record of 41.7C was taken with not proper instruments
Vinh 4 42.9
Hue 8.8 42.2
Da Nang 9.2 41.5* * 42.0C was also recorded at the Airport
Na Thrang 14.6 39.5
Tuong Duong 1.7 44.2
Sa Pa -6.1 29.8
Fansipan Mountain -11
Truong Sa (Spratly)18.4 36.9
YEMEN
Sanaa -5.8 34.4
Aden 14.1 43.3
Ryan 13.8 43.9
Seiyoun 46.3
Kitab -9
Socotra Island 17 42
ZAMBIA
Lusaka 0.2 39.6
Livingstone -3.7 41.3
Mfuwe 1 43.5
Luangwa 44.4
Lusitu 46.4* * dubious,likely recorded with not proper instruments
Sesheke -7.2
ZIMBABWE
Harare -1.2 36.7
Bulawayo -4 39.3
Victoria Falls -4.3 41.1
Beitbridge -1.1 46.8
Buffalo Range 0.6 47.6
Matopos -10.3 38.7
Matobo Hills -12.7
ANTARCTICA
Vostok -89.2 -12.2
Amundsen-Scott -82.8 -12.3
Mc Murdo -50.6 10.5
Palmer -31 11.6
Byrd -64.4 6
Mawson -36 10.6
Casey -41 9.2
Davis -41.8 13
Scott Base -57 7.5
Vanda 15
Halley -55.4 6.8
Rothera Point -39.5 12
Dumont D'urville -37.5 9.9
Neumayer -50.2 4.3
Mirny -40.3 8.7
Vernadsky -43.3 12.7
Sanae -57.9 6.5
Syowa -45.3 10
King Sejong -25.6 13.2
Zhongshan -45.7 9.6
Maitri -38 12.2
Belgrano II -47.9 11.4
Marambio -38.3 17.4
Esperanza -32.6 18.4
San Martin -47 14.3
Bernardo O Higgins-34.4 12
Eduardo Frei -28.7 13
Juan Carlos I-Livingstone I. (Shetlands)-22.6 15.5
King George I.(Shetlands)-32.3 16.7
Prat-Greenwich I.(Shetl.) -30 13
Orcadas-Laurie Is.(Orkneys)-44 15.2
Signy Island (Orkneys) -40.1 19.8
MARS
Viking Lander I -96 -17.4
Viking Lander II -121 -22.2
Phoenix -97.7 -19.6
Spirit -90 35* * possibly overestimated air temperature
Opportunity -80 30* * possibly overestimated air temperature
Curiosity -90 11
Gale Crater -127 20
Special Notes:
-The registers of temperatures have been taken during different periods of time, so while for certain stations data are available since the begin of the modern era in 1850 and even before, for other stations data are available only for some decades.-Some old data with not decimal points could have been rounded.
-For some localities ,records have been merged from different stations when there are no significative microclimatic differences. If there are microclimatic differences,data have been separated.
-Data have been checked by daily and hourly basis for every station, in most cases with extensive quality controls,weather maps, satellite maps, etc.... The best effort has been made during several years of data checking,to remove all faulty records and to include all genuine and reliable records. This has been possible with several billion data checked with the help of hundreds of specialists, climatologists, observatories's staff and with the help of National Institutes of Meteorology of over 150 countries.
-In the case of doubt, please contact the editor.
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